Biography:

Abstract:

To attention, signatory to the Paris 2015 accord to curb emission, and the race to net zero emission, begin by banning all production and importation of toxic NPK fertilizers for all crops agriculture global industry. Emission from agriculture, is about 37% and excluding all externalities of pollutions, and damages done to water, land and soil, marine organism with carnages to eco life supporting system and often to humanity too. Scientists warn the world against fertilizer-causing cancer, NPK fertilizers are just catastrophic to humanity and must be stopped urgently, by statutory requirement. The Living Soil: How Unseen Microbes Affect the Food We Eat “MONIGREEN” is a nature based natural elements with macro, micro and trace elements nutrients for all soil, and help maximize the CEC in soil biogeochemistry naturally by symbiosis relationships of roots, soil, air, water, processing photosynthesis & protistology with sunlight. (Cation Exchange Capacity)There are non-toxic, non-hazardous, and non-chemicals with the application of “MONIGREEN” into all soil. Also, economical and no wasting of $$$ when applied into soil. It stay in the soil, if not consume by crops as it will be retained in soil for next season. “monigreen” is natures’ best nutrients for soil protistology to thrive & prosper, harmless to any life supporting ecology & harmless to biodiversity & thrive towards the race to net zero. Carbon emission in compliance to achieve the set target of 2015 pariscop 21 accord “monigreen” substitution to npk fertilizers can be part of the unfccc clean development project for carbon credits sale. ( need to certify & verify how many tons of carbon dioxide & nitrous oxide not emitted by not using npk fertilizers by accredited parties for certificate of emission sales on global carbon exchange to offset emissions)

Biography:

At present, I am Research Scholar at the Department of Farm Machinery and Power Engineering, Anand Agricultural University, Gujarat. I am currently working on the project on the Development of electric prime mower with reaper attachment. I am also serving as the Mentor at Atal Incubation Centre (AIC) set up at AIC-ADT BARAMATI FOUNDATION with the support of Atal Innovation Mission NITI Aayog for agricultural technology development. Till today I had developed total five technologies for the small and marginal farmers of our country. I had successfully developed a battery-operated multi-fruit harvesting cum pruning device that worked fabulously for mango, ber, citrus, etc. and for pruning too. I did my master’s degree at Department of Farm Machinery and Power, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh. That time I developed a coconut palm climbing device that can be helpful for the coconut growing farmers as well as householders to climb up on the trees. It has become popular in Saurashtra region of Gujarat.

Abstract:

Agricultural mechanization involves the use of various power sources and improved farm tools and equipment, with a view to reduce the drudgery of the human beings and draught animals, enhance the cropping intensity, precision and timelines of efficiency of utilization of various crop inputs and reduce the losses at different stages of crop production. It is the miracle of soil of India that it provides food to 1.3 billion population with just an average farm size of less than 1.08 ha. Small and marginal land holdings (< 2.0 ha) contribute to 86% of total operational land holdings and cover 47% of total operated area (Department of Agriculture, Cooperation & Farmers Welfare, 2018). The share of draught animal power is decreasing in the total farm power. There is a linear relationship between availability of farm power and farm yield. Therefore, there is a need to increase the availability of farm power from 2.02 kW per ha (2016-17) to 4.0 kW per ha by the end of 2030 to cope up with increasing demand of food grains. Estimates suggest that by 2050, percentage of agricultural workers of the total work force would drop to 25.7 percent from 58.2 percent in 2001. The need for agricultural equipment caused by increasing world population is more than obvious. Current agricultural equipment has reached its optimization limits in terms of complexity and efficiency with the current technology. Furthermore improvements in the area of drive technology currently mainly mechanical or hydraulic drives are limited. Therefore the focus in the area of robotics has the potential to change the scenario. Electrification and automation of implements will use the energy judiciously. It is the need of future farming.

Biography:

Abstract:

In Mozambique, 90% of cassava produced is for human consumption and more than 60% of Mozambicans have cassava as basic staple food. It has been reported that children having cassava as basic staple food are at risk of micronutrient deficiencies such as zinc, iron, and vitamin A. Undernutrition and food insecurity are both public health concerns in Mozambique. It is estimated that 43% of children under five years of age are undernourished, the anaemia affects about 40 to 50% of woman at the reproductive age and food insecurity is determined by cyclical natural disasters characterized by drought and heavy rains ending up with floods. Cassava mahewu is a non-alcoholic fermented beverage made from cassava flour, which after fermentation could be enriched with fruits such as banana, orange, mango, baobab and vegetables namely carrots and beetroots. In this context, the objective of the research is to propose cassava mahewu enriched with fruits and vegetables to be a food alternative in undernourished children under five years of age as well as in the situations of food insecurity. The statement is based on previous researches showed the effectiveness of fortification of cassava mahewu with ferrous sulphate and ferrous phumarate and the bioavailability of iron from fortified cassava mahewu. More researchers have been done in to improve the nutrition value of cassava mahewu, such as enrichment carrots and beetroots where the findings demonstrated the increase of nutritional content such as of minerals and proteins and increased fat content, it was also observed improvement on appearance (attractive color given by the added fruits and vegetables), texture and taste. It has been reported the increase of mineral content of cassava mahewu when fruits are added to mahewu made from cassava. Other utility of cassava mahewu is its use as weaning children; cassava mahewu being a fermented beverage is supposed to offer health benefits such as prevention of diarrheal infections, promotion of growth and development of children. Taking into account researches made in cassava mahewu and the fact of higher index of under nutrition and vulnerability of the country of cyclical calamities and disasters cassava mahewu could be use for nutritional rehabilitation of undernourished children, emergency situations and food insecurity mitigation, considering that Mozambique ranking on the top 10 cassava producers and the fact that cassava is resistant to drought and pest.

Biography:

I am a PhD student at the Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań in Poland. For over 5 years I have been synthesized and examined compounds which have plant resistance inducing properties. In my research, I focus on chemical modifications of immunity inducers and check their impact on the effectiveness in preventing plant diseases. For two years, I gained within my research grant PRELUDE lead the research on the influence of the cation on reducing abiotic stresses in plants.

Abstract:

Systemic Acquired Resistance (SAR) induction is a very promising method of fighting against viral plant diseases. Using chemical SAR elicitors to trigger natural plant immunity has been proved on many plant/ pathogen models. However use of those compounds are burdened by their phytotoxic impact on plant. Fortunately, SAR inducers can be modified into ionic form and combined with protective counterions into bifunctional salts. Some cations like cholinium or betainium and poliamines increase the tolerance of plants to adverse environmental factors. High biological efficiency of the elicitors combined with protective properties in one chemical compound may be an interesting possibility to show a new concept of design of plant protection agents. We have synthesized new salts (ionic liquids) composed of the anion of plant resistance inducers and betainium, cholinium cations and polyamines in cationic forms. Biological properties of obtained salts were successfully determined in the field of SAR induction efficacy by monitoring inhibition of the viral infection on tobacco (Nicotiana Tabacum var. Xanthi) plants infected by TMV virus. Also phytotoxicity assessment was performed on tobacco N. tabacum var Xanthi plants (by spraying) and Agrimonia eupatoria (sprouting efficacy). Obtained results show that the presence of betainium and cholinium cations and polyamines in cationic forms decreased the phytotoxic effect of SAR inducers compounds on tobacco plants. Moreover modification of elicitors in presented way has not changed the SAR-inducing properties of such inducers as: 2,6-dichloroisonicotinic acid, 7-carboxybenzo[1,2,3]thiadiazole acid and salicylic acid.

Biography:

Abstract:

Based on the national soil database, most of the southwest Ethiopian soils are deficient in macronutrients (Nitrogen) and affected by ongoing acidification problems. This has affected growth, yield and NUE of legumes in general and that of green beans in particular. However, studies on the combined application of inorganic and organic fertilizer or amendments to improve the growth yield and NUE of green bean is scant. Therefore, a pot experiment was conducted to determine the rate of biochar and nitrogen fertilizer on growth, yield and NUE of green bean on the acidic soil of Jimma in 2017/2018. The treatments consisted of four biochar rates (0, 2, 4 and 6 t ha-1) and four nitrogen fertilizer rates (0, 23, 46 and 69 kg ha-1) and laid out using 4x4 factorial arrangements in a randomized complete block design with three replications. ANOVA show that combined application of biochar and Nitrogen fertilizer highly significantly (P<0.001) total pod yield, nitrogen use efficiency and soil pH, total nitrogen and organic carbon. The highest pod yield (48.72g plant-1), NUE (12.69 gg-1) was obtained from the combined application of 6 t biochar and 23 kg N fertilizer ha-1 , The highest total number of nodules (121.33) at 2 t ha-1 BC +23 kg ha-1 N fertilizer and the highest soil pH (6.01) resulted when the pots received of 6 t biochar ha-1alone. Therefore, The improved soil chemical properties, pod yield, and nitrogen use efficiency through combined use of biochar and N fertilizer suggests the importance of integrated use of biochar with N fertilizer to ensure that green bean crops are adequately supplied with N for NUE and total pod yield in tropical acid soils for sustainable green bean production in the long term.

Biography:

Abstract:

Agriculture in Ethiopia is the main economic sector that influenced by agricultural drought. A simultaneous assessment of drought trends using multiple drought indicators is useful for drought planning and management. Intra-season and seasonal drought trends in Ethiopia were studied using a suite of drought indicators. Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI), Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI) and Z-index for long-rainy, dry, and short-rainy seasons are used to identify drought-causing mechanisms. The Statistical software package R version 3.5.2 was used for data extraction and data analyses. Trend analysis indicated shifts in late-season long-rainy season precipitation into dry in the southwest and southcentral portions of Ethiopia. Droughts during dry season (October–January) were largely temperature controlled. Short-term temperature-controlled hydrologic processes exacerbated rainfall deficits during short rainy season (February–May) and highlight the importance of temperature- and hydrology-induced soil dryness on production of short-season crops such as tef. Droughts during long-rainy season (June–September) were largely driven by precipitation declines arising from the narrowing of the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ). Increased dryness during long-rainy season had severe consequences on the production of corn and sorghum. PDSI was an aggressive indicator of seasonal droughts suggesting the low natural resilience to combat the effects of slow-acting, moisturedepleting hydrologic processes. The lack of irrigation systems in the nation limits the ability to combat droughts and improve agricultural resilience. There is an urgent need to monitor soil moisture (a key agro-hydrologic variable) to better quantify the impacts of meteorological droughts on agricultural systems in Ethiopia.